![]() ![]() His misery is such that he ends up spending far more than he can afford on booze. Farrington of "Counterparts" stays in a hateful job because he has no other options. Lenehan in "Two Gallants" sees no future for himself, and sits down to a miserable supper consisting only of peas and ginger beer. Joyce usually evokes it through detail: the plum cake Maria busy in "Clay," for example, is a humble treat that costs her a good chunk of her salary. Poverty is one of the most pervasive themes of the novel. Joyce's portrait of Dublin life moves not only across a small range of classes (the poor and the middle class) but also across the different periods of a human life. It is also the richest of the stories, weaving together many of the previous themes of the book. ![]() "The Dead," the final tale of the collection, is nearly three times as long as the average story in Dubliners. "Araby," "An Encounter," and " Eveline," for example, are fairly simple and short tales. ![]() Although this is a broad generalization, the stories also tend to increase in complexity. Dubliners is roughly organized into a framework chronicling a human life: we begin with younger protagonists, and then move forward into stories with increasingly aged men and women. ![]()
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